Advances in Basalt Fiber Reinforced Cement-based Composites: Mechanical Properties and Durability Insights

Basalt fiber cement-based composite materials represent a novel category of building materials that have garnered significant attention in recent years, finding extensive application in water conservancy projects and infrastructure construction. This review examines the development status of basalt fiber both domestically and internationally, as well as the advancements in its mechanical properties and durability. The findings indicate that incorporating an optimal amount of basalt fiber can lead to a maximum increase in compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of approximately 7%. Furthermore, the 7-day strength can achieve 55% to 64% of the 28-day strength. The addition of basalt fiber not only enhances the tensile strength, impact resistance, and durability of composite materials but also reduces the cracking sensitivity of concrete, thereby extending the service life of structures. These characteristics render basalt fiber cement-based composites particularly advantageous in extreme environments, such as bridges, tunnels, high-rise buildings, and ocean engineering. Future research directions should prioritize investigating the reaction mechanisms and technological advancements associated with basalt fiber in concrete.